The CODA Experience: Children of Deaf Adults

Being a child of deaf adults, more commonly known by the English term Child of Deaf Adult (CODA), offers a unique experience growing up in a bilingual and bicultural household. CODAs are raised by one or more deaf parents, who primarily communicate through sign language, while they themselves are typically hearing. This dual exposure provides CODAs with a fascinating blend of the hearing and deaf worlds, along with a set of challenges, opportunities, and responsibilities that shape their lives.

The Unique CODA Experience

For a child of deaf adults, early years often involve being an essential bridge between their deaf parent(s) and the hearing world. Whether translating spoken words into sign language, helping parents navigate social situations, or making phone calls on their behalf, CODAs often take on the role of interpreter from an early age.

This experience fosters strong communication skills, maturity, and empathy. CODAs learn to communicate beyond verbal language—they become proficient in interpreting facial expressions, body language, and the nuances of sign language. Growing up in this environment can also cultivate a deep respect for the deaf community and a unique perspective on communication.

The Role of Hearing Aids

Whether or not a deaf parent uses hearing aids significantly impacts the CODA experience. If a parent wears hearing aids, it can open up additional forms of communication and facilitate interaction with the hearing world. Hearing aids amplify sound, allowing the parent to hear some environmental sounds or even spoken language, depending on their level of hearing loss. This may reduce the child’s need to serve as a translator in some situations, although the CODA may still interpret in more complex settings.

In households where the deaf parent does not use hearing aids, reliance on sign language is stronger. CODAs in these homes typically take a more active role in translating spoken language into sign language for their parents. While this adds responsibility, it also enhances their bilingual proficiency and understanding of both cultures.

CODA Challenges

While being a CODA can be enriching, it comes with emotional and social challenges. The role of “interpreter” for their parents can sometimes feel burdensome, especially for younger CODAs who may struggle to balance their role as both a child and a liaison between two worlds.

Socially, CODAs may feel a sense of isolation or “in-betweenness.” They are part of both the hearing and deaf communities but may not feel fully immersed in either. In school or social settings, they may need to explain or justify their unique family situation, which can be difficult when others are unfamiliar with deafness or sign language.

Opportunities and Strengths

Despite these challenges, CODAs develop many strengths. They often become effective communicators, empathetic listeners, and adaptable individuals. CODAs also develop cultural awareness and an appreciation for diversity that serves them well in various aspects of life.

CODAs are uniquely positioned to advocate for the deaf community. Many grow up feeling a strong sense of responsibility to advance the rights and recognition of deaf individuals. Whether pursuing careers in deaf education, sign language interpretation, or advocacy, CODAs often become passionate defenders of accessibility and equality.

The life of a CODA is filled with both unique responsibilities and profound rewards. Whether their deaf parent uses hearing aids or relies solely on sign language, CODAs are shaped by the experience of being a bridge between two worlds. The combination of bilingualism, cultural awareness, and empathy they develop positions them as uniquely skilled individuals who often carry the legacy of both the hearing and deaf communities into adulthood.